Ventilating appliance.



Patented Oct. 3, I899.

E C N M L HP P A T AG EN T mm H N E V m 4 3 6 0 N (Application filed June 23, 1898.)

(No Model.)

%V fMM PETERS 00,. Pnom um'ommsummcu o c NITED STATES PATENT rrrc VENTILATING APPLIANCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 634,301, dated October 3, 1899.

Application filed June 23, 1898. $erial No. 684,244. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J OSEPH LEATHER, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Ventilating Appliances, (for which I have applied for a patent in Great Britain, No. 28,832, bearing date December 7, 1897,) of which the following a specification.

This invention relates mainly to the ventilation of broughams, cabs, railway or tramway carriages, ships, and other moving structures, although it is applicable to houses or other stationary structures when there is a sufficient current of air past such structures; and the object is to provide a simple and compact appliance whereby air may be injected or caused to flow into the interior of a carriage, room, or other place to be ventilated, while gravel, dust, ashes, water, or other ponderable matters which may be carried in such air are effectually separated therefrom before such air enters the carriage or other place, the same appliance also serving to cause the withdrawal offoul air, smoke; or other objectionable gases from the carriage or other place.

For the above purposes I make use of a projection attached to the wall of the struc ture, and I form an opening through the wall into the interior of the structure at each side of the projection. The projection is provided at or near its edge at each side with a band or rim preferably having the inner surface curved and between which and the faces of the projection a narrow opening or space is left through which gravel, dust, ashes, water, &c., are driven and escape. When a current of air blows against the projection or the projection is carried along, as on a carriage, a plenum is caused on one side of the projection, whereby some of the intercepted air is forced to enter the carriage through the opening in the wall, while another part escapes through the space between the rim and the face of the projection, carrying with it by reason of their momentum the dust, gravel, ashes, &c., in the air. A curved groove or channel is provided near each opening to intercept and direct toward the rim any dust, ashes, &o., which would otherwise enter the carriage. A partial vacuum is formed on the other side of the projection whereby smoke, foul gases, &c., are withdrawn from the interior of the structure. In carriages which only travel in one direction the rim on one side of the projection may be dispensed with.

In some cases to further increase the effectiv'eness of the appliance I attach to or form with the face of the projection at about the center a curved, tapering, or wedge-shaped piece to divide and deflect the air-current toward the rim, so as to eliminate the gravel, ashes, 850., and drive them outward through the openings in the rim. Between this piece and the face of the projection a space is left for the passing of water.

Figure 1 is a side View of appliances under my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section at the line A A on Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is anend view. Fig. 4 is an end View of a modification. Fig. 5 is a side sectional view on the line B B on Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of a modification for acting in one direction only. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section of a combination of two single-acting ventilators.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, a is the wall of a structure. It may be a carriage or a building. I) is a flat projecting piece attached to the wall by screws or otherwise. 0 c are openings through the wall, one on each side of the projection. 01 d are bands or rims all around the edge of the projection on each side and formed with or secured thereto in any convenient way. The'bands or rims are preferably curved on their inner faces 61 as shown. 6 are openings between the rims and the faces of the projection to allow of gravel, dust, &c., escaping. ff are curved pieces fixed near the openings 0 c and forming channels for intercepting any gravel, dust &c., which does not pass through the openings 6 and which would otherwise pass through the openings 0 or c. When a current of air blows against the projection or the projection is carried along on a carriage, say, to the left hand on Fig. 1, the air is compressed against the projection, the rim d confining the air and increasing the compression, the inner curved faces (1 of the rim deflecting the air toward the center, and part of said air flows laterally into the building or carriage through the opening 0, part escapes around the projection, and part through the openings c in the rim (Z, any dust, gravel, &c., carried in the air being carried past the opening 0 and driven out by the openings 6 or caught by the curved piece f, the air entering by the opening 0 being quite free from such gravel, dust, the. At the same time a partial vacuum is caused on the right side of the projection opposite the opening 0, thus causing smoke, vitiated air, the. to be withdrawn from the building or carriage through such opening c. The arrows show the direction of the currents of air. If the projection is moved in the reverse direction, the action is reversed, the air entering through the opening 0 and the vitiated air escaping through the opening 0. If the carriage to which the projection Z) is attached is only intended to move in one direction, one of the rims (1 may be dispensed with, as shown in Fig. (3, only the one facing the direction of motion being retained.

Referring to Figs. I and 5, in this modification the arrangement and action of the appliance are the same as in Figs. 1, 2, and S, with the addition that tapered wedge-shaped pieces 9 g are attached to or formed with the projection b. These wedge -shaped pieces have the effect of more effectively diverting the gravel, dust, &c., so as to cause them to be driven through the openings 6 in the rims (Z cl. Openings g are provided between the pieces 9 g and the faces of the projection to allow escape of rain water, which might otherwise be driven through the openings 0 0.

Referring to Fig. 7, in this modification, which may be used instead of the form of Fig. 1, there are two separate single-acting projecting pieces I), placed back to back, but having a space Z2 between them. From this space there is an opening 0 through the wall (t, which serves as an additional exit for smoke, &c., from the carriage or building where a more vigorous exhaust is required,

a partial vacuum being formed in the space I) by the streams of air from the openings 6 in the rims (l, aided by the currents of air across the edges of the projecting pieces. The arrows show the direction of the currents.

I claim 1. I11 ventilating appliances, the combination with a wall having an opening, of a projecting piece at the rear side of the opening, said piece having a lateral rim provided with openings to allow the escape of dust, &c.; substantially as described.

2. In ventilating appliances, the combination with a wall having two openings, of a projecting piece between the openings, said piece having a lateral rim provided with openings to allow the escape of dust, &c., substantially as described.

3. In ventilating appliances, the combination with a wall having an opening, of a projecting piece at the rear side of the opening, said piece having a perforated lateral rim, and being provided with a central tapering wedge -shaped piece; substantially as described.

at. In ventilating appliances, the combination with a wall having an opening, of a projecting piece in the rear of the opening, said piece having a lateral rim with a curved inner face and provided with openings to allow the escape of dust, &c., substantially as described.

5. In ventilating appliances, the combination with a wall having an opening, of a projecting piece in the rear of the opening, said piece having an outer perforated rim, and an inner curved flange adjacent to the opening arranged to prevent dust entering said opening; substantially as described.

JOSEPH LEATHER.

\Vitnesses:

W. B. JOHNSON, ROBERT CRAIL. 

